Everything about Overseas Department totally explained
Overseas department (or
DOM) is a designation under the 1946
Constitution of the
Fourth Republic that was given to the
French colonies of
Guadeloupe,
Martinique in the
Caribbean,
French Guiana in
South America and
Réunion in the
Indian Ocean. These overseas departments have the same political status as metropolitan departments and are integral parts of
France, and the
European Union. They are represented in the
National Assembly,
Senate and
Economic and Social Council, elect a Member of the
European Parliament (MEP), and also use the
euro as their currency.
Saint Pierre and Miquelon became an overseas department in 1976, but its status changed to that of an
Overseas collectivity in 1985. The status of overseas departments is identical to metropolitan departments, but differs from that of overseas collectivities and
overseas territories.
Since 1982, following the
French government’s policy of
decentralisation, they've elected regional councils with powers similar to those of the
regions of
metropolitan France. As a result of a constitutional revision which occurred in 2003, these regions are now to be called
overseas regions; indeed the new wording of the Constitution gave no precedence to the phrase overseas department or overseas region, though the latter is still virtually unused by the French media.
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